Bedsores
are arising in persons immobilized on account of illness, which
themselves cannot change position of the body. Each part of the body
which is not subjected to a long movement but is subjected to
constant oppressions may be to succumb for necrotic processes.
Especially where the bone directly oppress soft tissue, preventing
proper blood circulation. Blood is unable to reach the cells and
feeding them up and not picking products of metabolism in consequence
of what the cells begin to die. As a result, the skin becomes red and
quickly is reaching dying of tissues. Bedsores most often arise near
the sacrum, on buttocks, on elbows, on heels, on shoulders and on the
back.
On account
of the appearance, the depth and the extensiveness of their
occurring, bedsores were divided in five grades:
I degree
occurs when the skin is slightly reddened
II degree
occurs when on reddened skin appear bladders
III degree
occurs when ulcers appear and the bottom of the wounds filled is
yellow or red mass of decaying tissue
IV degree
occurs when appears adipose tissue necrosis
V degree
occurs when appears muscle necrosis
Preventing
the bedsores .
Preventing
the occurrence of bedsores comes down to frequent changes of the
position of the body of the sick person best what two hours. You
should also massage the most exposed parts of the body in order to
improve the condition of the skin.
The
places where bedsores occur should be lubricated with salicylic
spirit or sprinkle talcum powder. Also putting is important of
rollers and discs in order to reduce the pressure on tissues and
evenly spread the weight of the body.Also
special types of mattresses exist which massaging the body of the
sick person.
You should
remember to care for the patient's bodily hygiene, must not be
allowed to skin contamination faeces or urine. One should apply
creams, emulsions moisturizing the skin (sudokrem, lanolin, ointment,
pantenol or linomag), it is possible to purchase also special
dressings to bedsores which are waterproof and are protecting from
bacteria from the outside. In the fight against bedsores is very
important a correct diet. The diet should be rich in protein,
vitamins A, B, C, zinc and unsaturated fats contained in fish oil and
flaxseed.
Treatment
of decubitus III, IV, V grade , involves the removal of the necrotic
tissue in the surgical treatment or by enzymatic ointments or gels.
Bedsores such are black or brown color and dry hard necrotic tissue.
Therefore, sometimes despite surgical intervention and applying
ointment skin transplants are needed.
Bedsore
should heal up within 2-4 weeks, in case of bedsores dating back
until to the bone, the treatment can take a few months. Treatment of
pressure ulcers is difficult in patients with diabetes, vascular
disease, or depression. The family must also provide psychological
support the sick person, because his well-being beneficial effect on
the treatment effect.
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